{"id":8996,"date":"2025-02-10T11:32:50","date_gmt":"2025-02-10T10:32:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parnassius-apollo.life\/uloha-pastvy-hospodarskych-zvirat-pri-ochrane-biotopu-apollo"},"modified":"2025-02-10T11:32:57","modified_gmt":"2025-02-10T10:32:57","slug":"uloha-pastvy-hospodarskych-zvirat-pri-ochrane-biotopu-apollo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/parnassius-apollo.life\/cs\/uloha-pastvy-hospodarskych-zvirat-pri-ochrane-biotopu-apollo","title":{"rendered":"\u00daloha pastvy hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at p\u0159i ochran\u011b biotopu Apollo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Autor: Vlado Vancura<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-central-palette-7-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-479504f566cf5ae7048f824bfe48a20a\">\u00davod<\/p>\n\n<p>Dom\u00e1c\u00ed pastevci, stejn\u011b jako hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata, se mohou zd\u00e1t b\u00fdt pro mot\u00fdly rodu Apollo ne\u010dekan\u00fdmi spojenci. Jejich role p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed vhodn\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro tohoto mot\u00fdla je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed. Kdy\u017e se hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata pasou, systematicky odstra\u0148uj\u00ed vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdhonky strom\u016f a ke\u0159\u016f. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem udr\u017euj\u00ed otev\u0159enou krajinu. Je to proces, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 diverzifikovat louky a zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 otev\u0159enou krajinu, v n\u00ed\u017e se <em>P. apollo <\/em>da\u0159\u00ed.    <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-central-palette-7-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-aeee8a9be6b74f50799cf920ee3fbfdd\">P\u016fvodn\u00ed pastevci  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u00dalohu vytv\u00e1\u0159et vhodn\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b nejen pro mot\u00fdly rodu Apollo, ale i pro r\u016fzn\u00fd dal\u0161\u00ed hmyz, plnili v minulosti p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u016fvodn\u00ed pastevci, jako jsou jeleni, srnci, divok\u00e9 kozy, divoc\u00ed kon\u011b, zub\u0159i nebo tak\u00e9 vyhynul\u00fd tur. Tito divoc\u00ed b\u00fdlo\u017eravci se sv\u00fdm potravn\u00edm chov\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00e1sadn\u011b pod\u00edleli na utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed krajiny a br\u00e1nili nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu r\u016fstu ke\u0159\u016f a strom\u016f. Nez\u00e1m\u011brn\u00fd vliv t\u011bchto pastevc\u016f vedl k odstran\u011bn\u00ed rostouc\u00edch ke\u0159\u016f a mlad\u00fdch strom\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se zachovaly voln\u00e9 plochy. Tyto voln\u00e9 prostory umo\u017e\u0148ovaly p\u0159\u00edstup slune\u010dn\u00edho sv\u011btla k p\u016fd\u011b a vytv\u00e1\u0159ely a udr\u017eovaly specifick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky nezbytn\u00e9 pro \u017eivot <em>Parnasius apollo<\/em>. Sou\u010dasn\u011b tento p\u0159irozen\u00fd proces diverzifikoval rostlinn\u00fd \u017eivot a nab\u00eddl mot\u00fdl\u016fm r\u016fzn\u00e9 zdroje nektaru a hostitelsk\u00e9 rostliny pro jejich larvy.    <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-central-palette-7-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-27cc6b6043a72b8f1972a3c55540fcee\">Dom\u00e1c\u00ed pastevci  <\/p>\n\n<p>Dom\u00e1c\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata, jako jsou kr\u00e1vy, ovce, kozy a kon\u011b, dnes pln\u00ed srovnatelnou funkci p\u0159i ochran\u011b stanovi\u0161\u0165 jako p\u016fvodn\u00ed pastevci. Pastva t\u011bchto dom\u00e1c\u00edch pastevc\u016f pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vytv\u00e1\u0159et voln\u00e9 prostory a umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edstup slune\u010dn\u00edho sv\u011btla k p\u016fd\u011b. V d\u016fsledku toho dom\u00e1c\u00ed pastevci aktivn\u011b podporuj\u00ed r\u016fst \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly rostlinn\u00fdch druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed jako z\u00e1sob\u00e1rna nektaru pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9 mot\u00fdly (imagy) a hostitelsk\u00e9 rostliny pro larvy. P\u0159i pe\u010dliv\u00e9m managementu se dom\u00e1c\u00ed pastevci mohou st\u00e1t partnery spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edmi na ochran\u011b biodiverzity. Tento p\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1zorn\u011b ukazuje, jak m\u016f\u017ee lidsk\u00e1 \u010dinnost, je-li koordinov\u00e1na s p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi rytmy, v\u00fdrazn\u011b prosp\u011bt dobr\u00e9mu stavu mot\u00fdl\u016f <em>P. apollo but<\/em> teflies.    <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"7011\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/parnassius-apollo.life\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-12-19-at-12.00.58-2BUrg-laudeck-thomas.jpeg?resize=800%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7011\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"599\" data-id=\"7016\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/parnassius-apollo.life\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/image.png?resize=800%2C599&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7016\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"6995\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/parnassius-apollo.life\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-12-19-at-12.00.58-6BUrg-laudeck-thomas-1.jpeg?resize=800%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6995\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"has-central-palette-7-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-f0cfe9fa5be1b6b344afaac9c2ddc4bd\">Zvyklosti p\u0159i pastv\u011b<\/p>\n\n<p>Chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i pastv\u011b se u dom\u00e1c\u00edch pastevc\u016f li\u0161\u00ed. Ovce pe\u010dliv\u011b okusuj\u00ed t\u011bsn\u011b u zem\u011b, co\u017e vede k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b upraven\u00fdch ploch. Kozy jako sp\u00e1sa\u010di roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed sv\u016fj dosah na listy a v\u011btvi\u010dky ke\u0159\u016f, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje zm\u011bnu struktury vegetace. Skot pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k zasa\u017een\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch ploch rozm\u00e1chl\u00e9 pastevn\u00ed pohyby. Ka\u017ed\u00fd druh p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed sv\u00fdm osobit\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Pochopen\u00ed a uplatn\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch pastevn\u00edch zvyklost\u00ed \u010detn\u00fdch dom\u00e1c\u00edch pastevc\u016f n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje vybudovat rovnov\u00e1hu, kter\u00e1 v\u011brn\u011b odpov\u00edd\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm proces\u016fm a v n\u00ed\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee da\u0159it i mot\u00fdl\u016fm rodu Apollo.     <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-central-palette-7-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-8317c1561bedd4d6b132eb81d54d54dd\">Apoll\u00f3n\u016fv habitat: Ohro\u017een\u00ed vegetace<\/p>\n\n<p>Dnes je prosperuj\u00edc\u00ed biotop <em>Apolla Parnassius<\/em>, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed alp\u00ednsk\u00e9 a subalp\u00ednsk\u00e9 tr\u00e1vn\u00edky, such\u00e9 v\u00e1pnit\u00e9 tr\u00e1vn\u00edky a svahy ve vrchovin\u00e1ch, ohro\u017een nekontrolovan\u00fdm zar\u016fst\u00e1n\u00edm vegetac\u00ed. K\u0159ehk\u00e1 rovnov\u00e1ha, kter\u00e1 je rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed pro udr\u017een\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 fl\u00f3ry nezbytn\u00e9 pro \u017eivotn\u00ed cyklus mot\u00fdla, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na dob\u0159e udr\u017eovan\u00fdch voln\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch. Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stabiln\u00ed populace Apolla vy\u017eaduje stanovi\u0161t\u011b, kter\u00e9 poskytuje jak \u017eivn\u00e9 rostliny pro larvy, tak nektarod\u00e1rn\u00e9 rostliny pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9 jedince. Dom\u00e1c\u00ed pastviny slou\u017e\u00ed jako pojistka, kter\u00e1 zabra\u0148uje samovoln\u00e9mu zar\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed, k n\u011bmu\u017e rychle doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i omezen\u00ed nebo zastaven\u00ed pastvy. Strategick\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pastvy, zejm\u00e9na s pomoc\u00ed koz, se ukazuje jako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 p\u0159i omezov\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fstu vegetace a ochran\u011b \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed nezbytn\u00e9ho pro <em>Parnassius apollo.<\/em>    <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-central-palette-7-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-7a794ed801724bee84183a0bc3810511\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/p>\n\n<p>To ukazuje, jak lze koordinovan\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed o ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody, zejm\u00e9na prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pastvy dom\u00e1c\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at, realizovat. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ochrany v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch otev\u0159en\u00fdch prostor se jako sch\u016fdn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed existence <em>Parnassius apollo<\/em> jev\u00ed za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed pastevn\u00edch postup\u016f. Poskytuje p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00fd model harmonick\u00e9 interakce s \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 podmaniv\u00fd sv\u011bt t\u011bchto mot\u00fdl\u016f.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Autor: Vlado Vancura \u00davod Dom\u00e1c\u00ed pastevci, stejn\u011b jako hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata, se mohou zd\u00e1t b\u00fdt pro mot\u00fdly rodu Apollo ne\u010dekan\u00fdmi spojenci.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":7008,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","ghostkit_customizer_options":"","ghostkit_custom_css":"","ghostkit_custom_js_head":"","ghostkit_custom_js_foot":"","ghostkit_typography":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[260],"tags":[195,299,265],"class_list":["post-8996","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monitorovani","tag-parnassius-apollo-cs","tag-pastva","tag-rakousko"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00daloha pastvy hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at p\u0159i ochran\u011b biotopu Apollo - Parnassius apollo project LIFE Apollo2020<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jak pastva hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at ovliv\u0148uje biotopy rodu Parnassius Apollo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/parnassius-apollo.life\/cs\/uloha-pastvy-hospodarskych-zvirat-pri-ochrane-biotopu-apollo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00daloha pastvy hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at p\u0159i ochran\u011b biotopu Apollo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" 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